punishment for) using fossil fuels will make much difference. In that case, the extrapolated warming trend at zero population density is close to zero. The U.S. has led the way in reducing CO2 emissions, mainly through a market-driven switch from coal to natural gas in recent years, China’s emissions continue to grow. As you might be aware, proponents of those climate models often emphasize the general agreement between the models and observations over a long period of time, say since 1900. Making temperature trends be the same independent of urbanization does NOT mean urban warming effects have been removed. Dev. The official datasets of land surface temperature are (we are told) already adjusted for Urban Heat Island (UHI) effects. With over four times the population of the U.S., one can see why they would not want the U.S. (or any other county) dictating their behavior, especially as they continue to lift millions out of poverty. A good example for this would be J.D in the field of law known as Juris Doctor or a Doctor of Law. Tuition fees in Europe can vary significantly, but they are generally lower when compared to the US and UK. Like many of his life-long listeners, Rush was able to articulate things we were feeling at the time, but could not express very well. I have only outlined the very basics above. C) since August 2014. 2? He had a quick mind, perfect timing on the radio, a great radio voice, and he knew how to run a business. All data were downloaded from the KNMI Climate Explorer. C, down a little from the December, 2020 value of +0.15 deg. For example, Nature loves the stuff. Then, for temperature trend analysis, I required that 90% of the years 1973-2020 to have data, including the first 2 years (1973, 1974) and the last 2 years (2019-2020), since end years can have large effects on trend calculations. Not unless the Biden Administration pushes for a massive increase in the taxation of fossil fuels, and then embraces either nuclear plant construction or widespread wind and solar projects to service a huge fleet of electric vehicles (currently at 1.2% of U.S. market penetration) will there be any substantial move away from fossil fuels. I argue that, based upon the importance of quality temperature trend calculations to national energy policy, a new dataset not dependent upon the USHCN Tmax/Tmin observations is required. 5. Posted in Blog Article | 260 Comments », Joe Biden’s administration has made climate change one of its top priorities. the duration for degree courses is four years, and that of a diploma is two to three years.. Locations of ISD surface weather data quality-controlled and stored at NOAA. The data archive is quite large, since it has (up to) hourly resolution data (higher with ‘special’ observations during changing weather) and many weather variables (temperature, dewpoint, wind, air pressure, precipitation) for many thousands of stations around the world. I always marveled at his boundless energy… he always took time to find out what I wanted to say to him. Doctoral degrees are the highest point of learning in any field of study and people who complete their doctoral degrees obtain an ⦠Yesterday, the New York Times and other media outlets repeated the falsehood that I am a climate “denier”. C — it will be interesting to see if the divergence between models and observations (which began around the turn of the century) will continue into the future. Posted in Blog Article | 579 Comments ». Apparently, 1973 is as far back as many of those stations data were digitized and archived). • PhD is also awarded by universities to persons who have provided exceptional services to the community in certain fields. C/decade. The resulting 311-station average U.S. trend (1973-2020), after removal of the UHI-related spurios trend component, is about +0.13 deg. But, like Bjorn Lomborg (who actually believes the alarmist predictions of future warming) and many others, I believe it will be much worse for humanity if we abandon fossil fuels before alternative technologies are abundant, affordable, and practical. Given recent political events it appears there is now a renewed efforts to have dissenting voices silenced through “cancel culture”, removal of websites, public ridicule, censorship, etc. This is an extension of work I started about 8 years ago, but never finished. Canada has huge year-to-year variability in temperatures due to its strong continental climate. For observations, I used the same lat/lon bounds and the CRUTem5 dataset, which is heavily relied upon by the UN IPCC and world governments. The U.S. Energy Information Agency (EIA) estimates that the economic downturn in 2020 produced only an 11% reduction in fossil fuel use. Anthony Watts reported qualitatively similar results using different data back in 2015. I suspected he would work right up to the end, and we would learn of his death when we least expected it. A PhD or Doctor of Philosophy is a postgraduate academic degree that is awarded for several subject areas which vary from country to country, time period or the institution. Oke showed in 1973 (and many others since), the UHI has a substantial effect on the surface temperatures in populated regions, up to several degrees C. The extra warmth comes from both waste heat and replacements of cooler vegetated surfaces with impervious and easily heated hard surfaces. Will 2016 be a Record Warm Year in the Satellite Data? Several lines of evidence suggest observed warming trends are not nearly as large as what you have been told. If you are trying to decide between pursuing a PhD in the US vs a PhD in the UK, you should think more about which fits you best. Various regional LT departures from the 30-year (1991-2020) average for the last 13 months are: The full UAH Global Temperature Report, along with the LT global gridpoint anomaly image for January, 2021 should be available within the next few days here. U.S. surface temperature trends as a function of local population density at the station locations: top (raw), bottom (averages into 4 groups). Unity in our country will, apparently, be achieved, because once dissenting voices are silenced, “unity” is all that is left. I was marveling at the whole experience: here was my daughter discussing law with David Limbaugh while Rush listened. This is because, if all stations in a small area, both urban and rural, are spuriously warming from UHI effects, then that signal would not be removed because it is also what is expected for global warming. Thesis vs. Dissertation: Europe. Because many of the early records were on paper, and at hourly time resolution, that represents a lot of manual digitizing. First let’s examine the annual average temperature departures from the 1981-2010 average, for the average of the 108 model simulations compared to the observations. of 1,218 USHCN (raw) trends = +0.205 deg. There is no evidence that recent, modest global warming has caused a global-average increase in severe weather. When I worked summers at a National Weather Service office in Michigan, there was a full-time ‘met-tech’ who maintained and adjusted all of the weather-measuring equipment. C/decade). It took years before I got used to the idea that he was actually interested in what I had to say. On Tuesday evening, January 19, at 8 p.m. CST there will be a 30 minute livestream presentation where I cover the most important reasons why there is no climate emergency. The advantage of these data, at least in the United States, is that the equipment is maintained on a regular basis. I just reviewed the video and I am very satisfied with it. He showed me around his palatial estate, showed me how his new cochlear implant worked, and gave me a tour of his climate-controlled cigar room. Any UHI effect on temperature trends would be difficult to remove through NOAA’s homogenization procedure alone. I believe my late husband, a PhD of Business Administration, would deem this page as adequate. 2 equivalent for the ISD stations (Fig. Stacey Freedenthal, PhD, LCSW, ... At best, theyâre commonâand polls in the US and Europe show this common sentiment rapidly declining. Various regional LT departures from the 30-year (1991-2020) average for the last 15 months are: The full UAH Global Temperature Report, along with the LT global gridpoint anomaly image for March, 2021 should be available within the next few days here. 3. There are many who think that PhD and doctorate is one and the same, and to an extent this theory is correct. I am simply showing additional quantitative evidence. Note that in 7 of the last 8 years, the observations have been below the average of the models. When I worked summers at a National Weather Service office in Michigan, there was a full-time âmet-techâ who maintained and adjusted all of the weather-measuring equipment. These are the operational hourly weather stations operated by NWS, FAA, and other agencies, and which provide most of the data the National Weather Service reports to you. It’s been almost eight years since I posted results on my analysis of the global Integrated Surface Database (ISD) temperature data. One can see that massive government meddling in the energy market is the only way that people will — at least for the foreseeable future — “choose” renewables over fossil fuels. Furthermore, while we nibble around the edges of the “carbon pollution” problem, China’s CO2 emissions continue to grow. A doctoral thesis is a focused piece of original research which is performed in order to obtain a PhD. A Doctorate is a highly prestigious and a hard-earned accomplishment, and most universities require their lecturers to obtain one in order for them to be accepted as a lecturer. Most universities around the world use the term âPhDâ, but a few UK universities award DPhils (most notably, the University of Oxford). Similarly, a Doctor of medicine is what you commonly refer to as a M.D. quantified the Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect, Biden to End Fossil Fuel Subsidies: Like the Paris Agreement, it Will Make No Difference, The same is true if all countries abide by their commitments under the Paris Climate Agreement, NASA’s James Hansen says the Paris Agreement is ineffective and a “fraud”, currently at 1.2% of U.S. market penetration, Canada is Warming at Only 1/2 the Rate of Climate Model Simulations, This Tuesday, Jan. 19: My Friends of Science Society Livestream Talk: ‘Why There Is No Climate Emergency’, No, Roy Spencer is not a climate “denier”, Global Microwave Sea Surface Temperature Update for Feb. 2013, Hurricane Gonzalo Intensifying North of Puerto Rico, Mid-April Blizzard to Clobber the Upper Midwest, My Global Warming Skepticism, for Dummies, Science and Religion: Do your own damn Google search. In Fig. The advantage of these data, at least in the United States, is that the equipment is maintained on a regular basis. So would you say a Doctorate for someone in the field of study with later in life goals of teaching would be better then the PhD? C, the lowest since November 2013. U.S. Regard station data quality, variability among the raw USHCN station trends is 60% greater than among the trends computed from the hourly data, suggesting the USHCN raw data are of a poorer quality. Every liberal viewpoint that was called into the show was used as a teachable moment. A dissertation is part of a broader post-graduate research project. He then entered the conversation (I don’t recall the specific subject) to explain about how the Bush administration had sent people down to Palm Beach more than once to change his mind on some issue. C) is the coolest since June of 2012. Yearly temperature departures 1991-2020 from the 1981-2010 mean in Canada in observations (blue) versus the average of 108 CMIP5 climate model simulations (red). C/decade, Std. Therefore, we can conclude that while a doctorate can be seen as an umbrella term for most post-graduate academic degree, a PhD is one doctoral degree that falls under that umbrella term. 4. The Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO): Key to the Global Warming Debate? I am claiming that there is evidence of spurious warming in thermometer data which must be removed. Many of the stations (at least in the U.S.) are at airports. I then plotted the Fig. C/decade, which is only 50% the USHCN trend of +0.26 C/decade. Fig. It certainly reads that way on this website. I examined the most recent 30-year period (1991-2020), using a total of 108 CMIP5 simulations from approximately 20 different climate models, and computed land-surface trends over the latitude bounds of 51N to 70N, and longitude bounds 60W to 130W, which approximately covers Canada.
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